甘肃龙首山成矿带芨岭铀矿床地质特征及找矿潜力分析

芨岭矿床位于龙首山成矿带中段，区内以发育钠交代热液型铀矿床而备受瞩目。在研究前人资料的基础上，结合近几年的铀矿勘查工作，本文对矿床的地质特征进行了系统总结，查明铀矿化受马路沟断裂构造、钠交代岩和热液蚀变三者共同控制。本文通过对该区成矿条件和最新勘查成果的分析，认为在芨岭矿床深部和外围有较好的成矿潜力，值得开展进一步铀矿勘查工作。     

BMA—IL型平板玻璃防霉液的研制

根据我们曾提出的玻璃表面的电势在水对玻璃侵蚀过程中可以有效屏蔽离子交换、降低离子交换速率的机理,用复合高价阳离子金属盐与弱酸混合制备了BMA-IL型玻璃防霉液.实验证明,该防霉液可以有效地延缓玻璃表面霉变,将有很大的应用前景.     

固化盐渍土抗冻融性能的研究

针对我国西北地区广泛分布的硫酸盐–氯盐盐渍土,设计了两种试验方法:无压力四周给水冻融法和无压力单向给水冻融法,观察固化盐渍土的抗冻融能力。结果显示在不同冻融条件下试件的破坏模式不同。运用土水势分析了冻融过程中水分迁移的动力和传输形式,研究表明:无压力四周给水冻融条件会导致土水势中出现压力势分势,由于压力势的存在,水分率先在试件的外围部分集中饱和,从而形成表层剥蚀;无压力单向给水冻融则消除了压力势的影响,水分得以高度分散而不能局部集中,当整个试件的含水率达到临界值时,试件发生整体的粉碎性破坏。固化剂掺量会影响固化盐渍土的抗冻性能,但足够长的养生期是提高固化盐渍土的抗冻融性能的关键性因素。     

陕西省城市节水潜力分析

针对陕西省城市水资源供需不平衡且水资源浪费严重的现象,在分析了该省城市节约用水潜力的基础上,对城市节水方案进行了综合评估,提出了节约用水的基本方案与强化方案,以解决该省城市供需平衡的问题。     

多孔介质中晶体的结晶压力分析

孔隙溶液中结晶体产生的结晶压力是多孔材料宏观上形成介质变形、冻胀破坏的重要因素之一。以溶液–晶体的化学势平衡为基础,考虑了溶液中的粒子相互作用,分别对以过饱和比为驱动的盐分结晶体和以温度为驱动的冰结晶体进行了理论分析,建立了非理想溶液中晶体对孔壁产生的最大结晶压力模型,并对溶液的冰点温度进行了分析。以NaCl溶液和Na2SO4溶液为例,分别对不同浓度和不同温度下的盐、水结晶压力及冰点温度进行了参数分析。结果表明:对于盐分结晶体,其结晶压力与溶液的过饱和比、溶液活度以及结晶盐的类型密切相关;对于冰晶体,其结晶压力与环境温度以及溶液的活度相关。     

Dynamics of metal availability and toxicity in historically polluted floodplain sediments

Many floodplains contain high concentrations of sediment associated contaminants that might be subjected to large changes in terms of mobility, transformation and bioavailability. Therefore, this study describes 1) changes in the redox conditions and the mobility of metals in artificially uncovered polluted floodplain sediments, 2) metal uptake by organisms and 3) colonization, succession and functioning of benthic algae on these sediments. Flooding caused long term changes in redox potential (Eh) profiles. In top layers strong gradients in redox potential established quickly, while in deeper layers changes occurred more gradually. The availability of copper as measured by Diffusive Gradients in Thinfilms (DGT) showed a consistent relationship with fluctuations in Eh. However, this relationship was restricted to deeper layers in the sediment. Within 1 week high amounts of total copper were immobilized. Differences in total copper concentrations between polluted and clean sediments became only partially apparent when comparing the available copper fraction (DGT-Cu). Introduced Tubifex shows only marginal differences in levels of accumulated Cu. Colonization, growth and succession of algal communities on polluted sediments was not impaired, most likely due to low bioavailability. It is concluded that changing environmental conditions, such as flooding, can result in stable chemical conditions with low a availability of metals and hence in a diminution of actual ecological risks.     

Physicochemical Aspects of Activated Sludge in Relation to Stable Foam Formation

The presence of stable foams can seriously impair the ability of an activated sludge to produce a high-quality effluent. This paper examines how the physicochemical characteristics of the solids are related to foam formation and describes how the foaming potential of full-scale plants can be assessed. It also confirms that Microthrix parvicella can exhibit a variable morphology and shows that these variations are related to the physicochemical properties that characterize foam-forming solids.     

南水北调西线工程区及邻域的活动构造

南水北调西线一期工程在构造上位于青藏高原东部的巴颜喀拉地块内部,块体的四周边界以巨型走滑断裂和逆断裂为特征,构造运动非常强烈,是块体运动引发应力集中和释放能量的主要场所。但块体内部构造活动性较弱,仅发现甘德—阿坝断裂系北支断裂在阿坝盆地段的部分断裂、色达—洛若断裂和康勒断裂等晚更新世以来有过活动,且规模和运动强度远小于地块边界断裂。晚第四纪以来地块边界断裂的位移速率大多在7 mm/a以上,最大达18 mm/a,最小为1～2 mm/a,而输水隧洞附近最主要的活断层顺河断裂的位移速率仅为0.18 mm/a,相对地块边界断裂小1～2个数量级,可以认为工程场地处于构造相对稳定的地区。给出了阿坝盆地北缘断裂、顺河断裂等活断裂在工程使用期内最大设防的倾滑位移量,分别为0.67和2.62 m。     

邯郸市新近沉积饱和粉土地震液化的综合判别

采用标准贯入试验法、静力触探法及宏观判别法对邯郸市某工程粉土地基进行了液化判别,并对判别结果进行对比分析。根据判别方法所考虑的因素和特点,结合粉土的区域特征,提出了适合邯郸市饱和粉土的综合判别方法,从而提高了液化判别的可靠性。     

Impact of the River Maine Drainage Scheme on Hydro-Power Generation

A comparison is made between pre- and post-drainage scheme river flows recorded on the River Maine, Co. Antrim. A method of using five-year reference periods has been applied to the mean daily flows to smooth and eliminate, as far as possible, variations due to climatic changes.
Any loss of energy production which might have been due to changes in river flow was examined for turbine installations at a factory at Cullybackey. The quantities of usable water, and hence potential energy production, were calculated for each of the post-scheme five-year periods and compared with a pre-scheme five-year reference period. Any potential loss was then represented by a depreciation factor. It was found that no measurable loss of potential energy production has occurred on the River Maine in the post-scheme period.